Which of the following best describes the stages of labor?

The correct answer provides a precise and recognized framework for understanding the stages of labor. Labor is conventionally divided into three primary stages based on distinct physiological changes and events. The first stage encompasses the initial phase of labor, focusing on cervical effacement and dilation, which is critical for preparing the birth canal for delivery. The second stage follows, marking the actual delivery of the baby, where the mother exerts effort to push the baby out. Finally, the third stage involves the placenta's expulsion after the baby is born, a crucial step to ensure maternal health and prevent complications such as hemorrhage.

This delineation is critical for midwives and healthcare providers as it helps them monitor labor progress, make appropriate clinical decisions, and provide the necessary support to the birthing person. Recognizing these stages allows for effective management of labor and the identification of potential complications that may arise at each phase, ensuring that care is timely and evidence-based.